The Tororo District Woman MP, Sarah Opendi, has been granted leave of the House to introduce a Private Member’s Bill, entitled, “The Marriage Bill, 2022”.
The bill seeks to provide a comprehensive legislation on matters relating to marriage considering that the Marriage Act enacted 118 years ago has not been amended.
“Other than having different aspects of marriage scattered in various legislations, the bill provides for comprehensive legislation on matters relating to marriage under one law,” Opendi said.
She observed that over time, the laws regulating different types of marriage in Uganda have become obsolete in light of the Constitution, government policies and international best practices that have also evolved.
Opendi cited bridal gifts as one critical area that the bill will redefine. The bill recognises marriage gifts but proposes that gifts should not be among the requirements for marriage.
As such, the proposed law criminalises a spouse who demands for a refund of gifts with a penalty of not less than one-year imprisonment.
Opendi said this will go a long way in protecting the rights of women in marriage, noting that often, women have been ill-treated on the basis of bridal gifts.
“The Constitutional Appeal No. 02 of 2010 ruled that bridal gifts should not be refunded, this will be upheld, women cannot be equal partners in marriage as long as gifts are mandatory for marriage,” Opendi said.
The proposed marriage bill mentions that a spouse can only apply for divorce after two years from the date of marriage. “A spouse may apply for divorce before the expiration of the two years where the spouse can prove that he or she is suffering exceptional hardship in the marriage,” reads the proposed bill.
The propped law has provisions on distribution of properties within a monogamous and polygamous marriage, separating matrimonial property from individual property.
It also guides that spouses should make an agreement on property owned by both and those individually owned.
The bill further proposes that if a spouse acquired property before or during marriage and the property does not fall within matrimonial property but his or her spouse makes a contribution towards the improvement of that property, be it monetary or in kind, the spouse without the interest shall acquire a beneficial interest equivalent to the contribution she or he made.
In case of a polygamous marriage, matrimonial property acquired by the husband and the first wife shall be owned in common, the subsequent wives will only take interest in the husband’s share of the matrimonial property.
The Minister of State for Defence and Veteran Affairs (Defence), Jacob Oboth, advised Opendi to build on the work by previous parliaments on the Marriage and Divorce Bill.
Oboth, a seasoned lawyer, noted that the Committee on Legal and Parliamentary Affairs of the 10th Parliament, which he chaired, processed 22 clauses of the bill during committee stage.
“The Marriage Bill started early before most of us joined Parliament. It started as ‘The Domestic Relations Bill’, then later, ‘The Marriage and Divorce Bill’,” he said.
Oboth noted that during consultations by his committee, women activists and MPs agreed that divorce be dropped from the bill’s title, a reason it now bears the title, “The Marriage Bill”.
The State Minister for Health (Primary Healthcare), Margaret Muhanga said the revision in the bill’s title was informed by religious leaders who found legislation on divorce ridiculous.
“We are a Christian country – the churches complained that we are legislating for divorce ‘as if you marry to divorce’,” Muhanga said