{"id":9530,"date":"2019-06-03T13:16:43","date_gmt":"2019-06-03T10:16:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ugmirror.com\/?p=9530"},"modified":"2019-06-03T13:20:29","modified_gmt":"2019-06-03T10:20:29","slug":"uganda-martyrs-a-political-perspective-for-todays-politicians","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ugmirror.com\/index.php\/2019\/06\/03\/uganda-martyrs-a-political-perspective-for-todays-politicians\/","title":{"rendered":"Uganda Martyrs: A Political Perspective For Today\u2019s Politicians"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

By\nBesi Ndereya<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In\n1875, a letter purportedly authored by Kabaka Mutesa I of Buganda was published\nin England. The letter was a request for Missionaries and hence resulted in the\narrival of Alexander Mackay from the Church Missionary Society (CMS) in 1877.\nIn 1879, Fr. Lourdel Pierre Simon (Mapera) of the catholic White Fathers\narrived in Buganda. With the Arabs already in Buganda, there was a 3-way race\nfor converts. This three-way race caused anxiety at Kabaka\u2019s <\/em>(King\u2019s) court in Mengo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By\nmid-1880s, many had been converted by each of the three groups, and some of the\nconverts held important posts at the king’s court. Mutesa I himself sympathized\nwith Islam, but many prominent chiefs had become Christians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Ndereya Besi<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In\n1884, Mwanga II ascended the throne in Buganda. His ruling style fell far short\nof the charisma and political astuteness his father Mutesa I had demonstrated\nin dealing with these \u201cbringers of faith.\u201d  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1881\nmarked the start of a systematic period in which European powers sought and\nsucceeded in annexing vast territories in Africa (New Imperialism). There were\nmultiple motivations for European colonizers, including the quest for national\nprestige, tensions between pairs of European powers, religious missionary zeal\nand internal African native politics. The annexation of Tanganyika in 1884 by\nthe Germans was a cause for concern to Mwanga. Tanganyika lay to Buganda\u2019s\nsouth. To the north of Buganda, Omukama<\/em>\nChwa Kabalega II had fought a fierce war of resistance against Khedive Ismael\u2019s\nagent Samuel Baker. Kabalega emerged victorious defeating and embarrassing\nSamuel Baker on 14th<\/sup> June 1872. Kabalega\u2019s encounter with Baker\nsealed his fate; it made him both suspicious of foreign interests in his\nkingdom while giving him belief in his military abilities against the\nimperialists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These\ntales of the great King Kabalega no doubt emboldened Mwanga II in his bid to\ncement his Buganda from the influences of Christians and Arabs. Mwanga II on 29\nOctober 1885 had the incoming Anglican bishop James Hannington assassinated on\nthe eastern border of his kingdom. Joseph Mukasa, a convert to Christianity and\nlikely successor to Kabaka <\/em>Mwanga II\nprotested this and on 15th<\/sup> November 1885; Mukasa became the first\nCatholic martyr, when he was beheaded at Nakivubo. Then, between 25 May and 3\nJune 1886, a wider series of executions were carried out. Mwanga instructed the\nkilling of all the young men who disobeyed him. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In an\nexplosive 2 year period starting 31st<\/sup> January 1885 with the murder\nof Rugarama Yusuf and Kakumba Makko at Busega and ending 27th<\/sup>\nJanuary 1887 with the murder of Mzee Jean-Marie, Mwanga II would martyr 45\nChristian converts. Twenty-two of the men, who had converted to Catholicism,\nwere burned alive at Namugongo on 3rd<\/sup> June 1886. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The\nsecular press of the time described his victims as martyrs as indeed did many\nreligious publications such as Intelligencer of 1886. The Roman Catholic Church\nalso used the episode to make the victims the focus of a “cult of martyrs.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 6th<\/sup>\nJune 1920, Pope Benedict XV beatified all Roman Catholic Martyrs and Pope Paul\nVI canonized them on 18 October 1964. In the ceremony of canonization of the\nCatholic martyrs, Pope Paul VI also mentioned the Anglicans, saying: “Nor,\nindeed, do we wish to forget the others who, belonging to the Anglican\nconfession, confronted death in the name of Christ.” The 3rd<\/sup>\nJune feast day is included in the General Roman Calendar. A set of postage\nstamps were issued in the following year by Vatican City for commemorating the\ncanonization. June 3rd<\/sup> is now a National thanks giving holiday in\nUganda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This\nyear\u2019s celebrations find Uganda and Africa at a precipice vis-\u00e0-vis a changing\nglobal terrain of contest. Islamic fundamentalists threaten the stability of\nthe global order, Europe and America are unsure as to how to deal with the rise\nof Russia and China to the East and their influence in Africa. In Africa many\nof our political actors are unaware of this cauldron of global political\/social\nactivity. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is\nwhy H.E. Yoweri Museveni joins Mama Nyerere every 1st<\/sup> June to pray\nfor the Martyrs but also for the beatification and canonization of Mwalimu <\/em>Julius Nyerere. The lessons of\nthe martyrs awakened in Mwalimu<\/em> a\nlove for Africa famously saying \u201cWe, in Africa, have no more need of being\n‘converted’ to socialism than we have of being ‘taught’ democracy. Both are\nrooted in our past — in the traditional society which produced us.\u201d Like Mwalimu, <\/em>president Museveni is a\nchampion of African economic, social and political sovereignty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is\nincumbent on Africa\u2019s political actors to always reckon well. As Aeschylus so\nfamously wrote: Self-will in the man who does not reckon wisely is by itself\nthe weakest of all things. Mwanga II did not reckon well. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Happy Martyrs\u2019 day. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The writer is a Communications Assistant at Government Citizen Interaction Centre (GCIC), Ministry of ICT and National Guidance.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By Besi Ndereya In 1875, a letter purportedly authored by Kabaka Mutesa I of Buganda was published in England. The letter was a request for Missionaries and hence resulted in the arrival of Alexander Mackay from the Church Missionary Society (CMS) in 1877. In 1879, Fr. Lourdel Pierre Simon (Mapera) of the catholic White Fathers […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27983,"featured_media":9531,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_paywall_metabox":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[473],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9530","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinions"],"yoast_head":"\nUganda Martyrs: A Political Perspective For Today\u2019s Politicians - Uganda Mirror<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ugmirror.com\/index.php\/2019\/06\/03\/uganda-martyrs-a-political-perspective-for-todays-politicians\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Uganda Martyrs: A Political Perspective For Today\u2019s Politicians - Uganda Mirror\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Besi Ndereya In 1875, a letter purportedly authored by Kabaka Mutesa I of Buganda was published in England. The letter was a request for Missionaries and hence resulted in the arrival of Alexander Mackay from the Church Missionary Society (CMS) in 1877. In 1879, Fr. 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